How should PEEP be set for an infant currently on CPAP?

Setting the PEEP (Positive End Expiratory Pressure) for an infant currently on CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) should be done at the same level as the previous CPAP setting. CPAP provides a continuous pressure to keep the alveoli open, and when transitioning to a ventilator with PEEP, maintaining the same level helps ensure that the infant continues to receive adequate oxygenation and ventilation support without causing further harm or altering lung mechanics.

Using the same level of PEEP as the previous CPAP pressure helps maintain the end-expiratory lung volume and prevents the collapse of alveoli, which is crucial for infants who may already have compromised lung function. If PEEP is set too high, it could lead to over-distension of the lungs or decreased hemodynamic function due to reduced venous return. Conversely, setting it too low would not provide sufficient support, leading to potential hypoxemia or atelectasis.

In summary, maintaining the same level of PEEP as the prior CPAP setting ensures a smooth transition to mechanical ventilation while providing the infant with necessary respiratory support.