What is the initial setting for FIO2 for an infant on room air?

When an infant is on room air, the initial setting for FIO2 (fraction of inspired oxygen) is typically set at 40-60%. This range is chosen because it provides an adequate amount of oxygen while still allowing for the possibility of weaning as the infant's condition improves.

In practice, room air consists of approximately 21% oxygen, and when starting a patient on supplemental oxygen, healthcare providers aim to provide enough oxygen to maintain adequate oxygen saturation levels without causing oxygen toxicity. Setting the FIO2 at 40-60% strikes a balance that helps ensure that the infant receives sufficient oxygen, especially since infants may have immature lungs or additional respiratory complications that require support.

Lower initial FIO2 settings might not offer enough oxygenation in cases where the infant is struggling to maintain adequate oxygen saturation. Conversely, setting the FIO2 too high could expose the infant to excessive oxygen, which might lead to complications such as retinopathy of prematurity. Therefore, starting at 40-60% is a clinically sound choice for most situations involving neonates or infants requiring respiratory support.